Renaissance Poetry
The English Renaissance, “rebirth” mid15th- very end of 16th century [1485-1603] returns to and tries to capture the feelings of classical sources. Strongly influenced by the Italian Renaissance, particularly Petrarch and his sonnets.
The sonnet is usually addressing a figure of love, usually a woman who does not give her love readily to a suitor or is already married. There are elements of longing, hunting, chasing. The figure of love is often compared to natural elements like seasons and creatures.
The Petrarchian Sonnet (Italian sonnet) influenced the (more applicable to our purposes):
The English Sonnet, primarily translations of Italian poems by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Sidney’s collection of sonnets Astrophil and Stella. The form is 14 lines divided into three quatrains and a couplet with a a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g rhyme scheme. They are generally composed in Iambic Pentameter- since Shakespeare is often considered the most successful at the sonnet, the English sonnet is also known as the Shakespearean Sonnet.
Spenserian Sonnet: Like the English Sonnet, a 14 line poem but with a: a-b a-b, b-c b-c, c-d c-d, e-e rhyme scheme.
The Conceit- a type of metaphor complex in its tenor/vehicle relationship, typical of the Metaphysical poets line Donne. Ranges from witty to almost ridiculous and robust.
John Donne- love poetry, sonnets, religious imagery, witty, enjoys puns and twisting words. Big on the conceits, if you see one that’s very much over the top it’s likely to be him (unless it’s something neoclassical or modern that’s poking fun at him)
Sydney’s Astrophil and Stella 1580’s- Compare the Beloved to
Spencer’s The Faerie Queen
Shakespearean Sonnets
Wyatt’s Whoso list to hunt
Paradise Lost- 1667
Thomas Campion 1567-1620
Sir Walter Raleigh 1552-1618
Sir John Davies 1569- 1626
Samuel Daniel 1562-1619 (Sonnets to Delia)
John Donne- 1571-1631 a metaphysical poet, towards the latter end of the era, into the 17th century. His form of conceit takes two objects of very little relation and creates a metaphor
John Milton 1608- 1673 Paradise Lost (1667)
Ben Johnson- wrote poems addressing other Renaissance figures, like Donne and Shakespeare, sonnets to Celia.
http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/index.html